Post‐orogenic sediment drape in the Northern Pyrenees explained using a box model     

Thomas Bernard  Hugh D. Sinclair  Mark Naylor  Frdric Christophoul  Mary Ford 《Basin Research》2021,33(1):118-137

The transition to a post‐orogenic state in mountain ranges has been identified by a change from active subsidence to isostatic rebound of the foreland basin. However, the nature of the interplay between isostatic rebound and sediment supply, and their impact on the topographic evolution of a range and foreland basin during this transition, has not been fully investigated. Here, we use a box model to explore the syn‐ to post‐orogenic evolution of foreland basin/thrust wedge systems. Using a set of parameter values that approximate the northern Pyrenees and the neighbouring Aquitaine foreland basin, we evaluate the controls on sediment drape over the frontal parts of the retro‐wedge following cessation of crustal thickening. Conglomerates preserved at approximately 600‐m elevation, which is ~ 300 m above the present mountain front in the northern Pyrenees are ca. 12 Ma, approximately 10 Myrs younger than the last evidence of crustal thickening in the wedge. Using the model, this post‐orogenic sediment drape is explained by the combination of a sustained, high sediment influx from the range into the basin relative to the efflux out of the basin, combined with cessation of the generation of accommodation space through basin subsidence. Post‐orogenic sediment drape is considered a generic process that is likely to be responsible for elevated low‐gradient surfaces and preserved remnants of continental sedimentation draping the outer margins of the northern Pyrenean thrust wedge.  相似文献   

高质量发展目标下黄河流域城市居民生活质量的时空格局及障碍因子   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

赵宏波  岳丽  刘雅馨  董冠鹏  苗长虹 《地理科学》2021,41(8):1303-1313

提高居民生活质量是实现黄河流域高质量发展的重要目标和具体体现。从居民生活、基础设施、公共服务、生态环境4个方面构建城市居民生活质量评价指标体系,测度2004―2018年黄河流域城市居民生活质量水平,利用核密度估计、ESDA、Dagum基尼系数等方法进行居民生活质量时空格局分析及空间差异测度,并运用障碍因子诊断模型分析影响居民生活质量水平的障碍因子,得出如下结论：① 2004―2018年黄河流域城市居民生活质量高水平区域从下游城市逐渐转移到中上游城市;② 黄河流域城市居民生活质量高?高集聚区主要是内蒙古自治区及相邻区域的城市,低?低集聚区主要是河南省、山东省以及山西省的部分城市;③ 黄河流域城市居民生活质量水平的空间差异从上中下游尺度看主要是区域间净值差异贡献,从左右岸尺度看主要是区域内部差异贡献;④ 黄河流域城市居民生活质量水平的障碍因子主要是人均水资源量、移动电话年末用户数、每万人公园绿地面积、教育支出占财政支出比重、每万人拥有的道路面积与人均可支配收入等,因此在未来的高质量发展中要注重生态环境保护,特别是合理利用水资源,完善城市基础设施与提升公共服务水平。  相似文献   

基于多源数据的新疆人居环境质量评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞瑞秋  胡宁  魏冶 《地理科学》2021,41(12):2127-2137

针对区域人居环境质量缺乏从自然和人文因子组合综合评价分析的现状,利用遥感影像、站点监测、交通网络等多源数据,获取与人居环境质量密切相关的自然和人文因素共17个影响因子。应用熵权法、GIS空间分析及现代大数据等方法,定量研究新疆人居环境质量综合评价指数的空间分异及其与经济、人口分布的协调性关系。结果表明：① 新疆自然环境本底受水资源及植被覆盖情况影响较大,自然环境本底评价指数高值区域的空间分布特征与绿洲分散分布的特点具有极大的相似性,县域尺度的高质量区聚集分布在天山北坡的伊犁河谷等地,低质量区和一般质量区大面积集中连片地分布在新疆南部和东部。② 人文环境受交通通达程度及基础支撑完善度影响较大,地级市、县级市优于其他县级地区,人文环境质量基本呈现以各地级市、县级市为中心向外辐射递减的空间分异规律。③ 人居环境质量综合评价指数空间分异显著,呈现出以乌鲁木齐、昌吉市等点为中心的局部圈层式递减的空间分异规律。木垒?皮山分界线东南部与西北部人居环境质量的平均水平相差悬殊。④ 整体人居环境质量水平较低,人口分布与人居环境质量综合评价指数空间分布的匹配度不足,一般质量区和低质量区的县域土地面积占比高达84.90%,分布了47.74%的人口,低质量区仍有较大的提升潜力。⑤ GDP水平与人居环境质量保持较高的匹配性,环境经济协调型县市数量较少,环境经济滞后型县市数量最多,经济发展与人居环境相互掣肘,制约着新疆的可持续性发展。  相似文献   

哈罗铁路沿线沉积物粒度特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵明珠  俎瑞平  王军战  谭立海 《中国沙漠》2021,41(1):19-27

哈罗铁路开通对沿线资源的开发具有重要意义,然而自开通以来饱受风沙危害。对铁路沿线及防沙体系内沉积物粒度特征参数进行了对比分析,以期为该线风沙危害的科学防治提供有益参考。结果表明：（1）铁路沿线沉积物组成以中细沙为主,灌丛沙地分选性中等至很差,偏度以近对称为主,峰度中等至很窄;戈壁区沉积物整体分选性较差,偏度以极正偏为主,峰度以很窄为主;（2）灌丛沙地粒径频率曲线呈单峰态分布,而戈壁粒径频率曲线呈双峰或三峰态分布;哈密盆地区戈壁沉积物粒径垂直分布特征表现为上粗下细;（3）铁路沿线形成沙害的主要原因是就地起沙,防护体系内的积沙已成为危害铁路的二次沙源。  相似文献   

雅鲁藏布江曲水-泽当段风沙活动动力条件分析与风沙灾害防治建议   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

马鹏飞  张正偲  论珠群培  高佳佳  戴睿  次旺  潘凯佳 《中国沙漠》2021,41(1):10-18

雅鲁藏布江河流宽谷区是青藏高原风沙活动最为强烈地区之一。本文选择雅鲁藏布江曲水-泽当段为研究区,分析该地区1981—2010年以来的风动力条件变化特征。结果表明：1981年以来年平均风速明显降低,月平均风速2—4月最大。受河流-山地复合系统的影响,风向复杂且具有明显的空间差异性,贡嘎以西风和东风为主,泽当包括西风、南风和东北风。日极大风速超过起沙风速的天数所占比例较大（>83%）,且自西向东逐渐增加（泽当达96%）。冬春季输沙势所占比例最大,扎囊地区年输沙势最大（77 UV）,其次为桑耶地区（37 UV）,泽当地区最小（5.4 UV）。近年来,沙尘天气有增加的趋势。风动力条件特点和该段河流宽谷区广泛分布的风沙沉积物是形成该区风沙地貌空间格局、导致沙尘天气频发的主要原因。基于该区河流-山地复合系统下风沙环境的复杂性和野外实地调查结果,提出了科学布置防沙治沙措施的建议。  相似文献   

Spatial variation and driving mechanism of soil organic carbon components in the alluvial/sedimentary zone of the Yellow River     

LI Guodong  ZHANG Junhua  ZHU Lianqi  TIAN Huiwen  SHI Jiaqi  REN Xiaojuan 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(4):535-550

Alluviation and sedimentation of the Yellow River are important factors influencing the surface soil structure and organic carbon content in its lower reaches. Selecting Kaifeng and Zhoukou as typical cases of the Yellow River flooding area, the field survey, soil sample collection, laboratory experiment and Geographic Information System(GIS) spatial analysis methods were applied to study the spatial distribution characteristics and change mechanism of organic carbon components at different soil depths. The results revealed that the soil total organic carbon(TOC), active organic carbon(AOC) and nonactive organic carbon(NOC) contents ranged from 0.05–30.03 g/kg, 0.01–8.86 g/kg and 0.02–23.36 g/kg, respectively. The TOC, AOC and NOC contents in the surface soil layer were obviously higher than those in the lower soil layer, and the sequence of the content and change range within a single layer was TOCNOCAOC. Geostatistical analysis indicated that the TOC, AOC and NOC contents were commonly influenced by structural and random factors, and the influence magnitudes of these two factors were similar. The overall spatial trends of TOC, AOC and NOC remained relatively consistent from the 0–20 cm layer to the 20–100 cm layer, and the transition between high-and low-value areas was obvious, while the spatial variance was high. The AOC and NOC contents and spatial distribution better reflected TOC spatial variation and carbon accumulation areas. The distribution and depth of the sediment, agricultural land-use type, cropping system, fertilization method, tillage process and cultivation history were the main factors impacting the spatial variation in the soil organic carbon(SOC) components. Therefore, increasing the organic matter content, straw return, applying organic manure, adding exogenous particulate matter and conservation tillage are effective measures to improve the soil quality and attain sustainable agricultural development in the alluvial/sedimentary zone of the Yellow River.  相似文献   

储层孔隙度预测与孔隙演化史模拟方法探讨——以辽河拗陷双清地区为例   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

孟元林  姜文亚  刘德来  牛嘉玉  孙洪斌  肖丽华  施尚明  修洪文 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):780-788

在成岩作用数值模拟的基础上,通过建立辽河拗陷双清地区不同沉积微相成岩指数ID与储层平均有效孔隙度的相关模型,预测了该地区古近系Es3下储层的孔隙度,恢复了孔隙演化史,确定了有效油、气储层的分布范围。孔隙度预测的结果表明,有效油、气储层分布于孔隙度大于8.5％和5.8％的斜坡区。储层预测平均孔隙度与实测孔隙度之间的绝对误差为2.8％,而研究区储层的填隙物含量在1.2%～45.0%之间,平均为16.9%。由此可见,这种模型可用于填隙物含量较高储层的钻前孔隙度预测和孔隙演化史模拟。孔隙演化史的模拟结果表明,储层孔隙度在埋藏早期主要受沉积相的影响,而在晚期则主要受成岩作用的控制。  相似文献   

Impact of Phenanthrene on Denitrification Activity and Transcription of Related Functional Genes in Estuarine and Marine Sediments     

SUN Pengfei  BAI Jie  LI Kuiran  ZHAO Yangguo  TIAN Weijun  BAI Xiaoyan  TIAN Yanzhao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(1):124-134

The effects of phenanthrene(Phe)on the denitrification activity and denitrifying genes(narG,nirS and nosZ)were evaluated by dose-response experiments in sediments of Dagu River Estuary(DRE)and Jiaozhou Bay(JZB).The results showed that potential denitrification activity(PDA),N2O,NO3−and NO2−reduction rates of both areas were inhibited with an increase of Phe concentrations.The PDA,N2O,NO3−and NO2−reduction rates of both areas was highest and lowest in the control(DRE:0.453,0.427,7.439 and 3.222mgNkg−1 h−1,JZB:0.592,0.555,8.470 and 3.793mgNkg−1 h−1)and highest Phe amended treatments(DRE:0.069,0.001,4.486,and 1.563 mgNkg−1 h−1;JZB:0.114,0.024,5.527 and 2.200 mgNkg−1 h−1).The inhibition rate of PDA was highest,follow by NO2−reduction and then NO3−reduction.Moreover,with the increasing of Phe concentrations,total bacteria count and the abundance of denitrifying genes were decreased.And N2O accumulation was promoted with the addition of Phe for both areas.Based on the comparison of EC50 values,denitrifiers harboring three genes were more sensitive to Phe than PDA,and denitrifiers harboring nirS gene were more sensitive,followed by nosZ gene,and then narG gene.Furthermore,according to correlation analysis,the relative abundance of denitrifying genes was much more positively correlated with PDA,NO3−and NO2−reduction than total bacteria count.In addition,the denitrification activity and total bacteria count in JZB were more inhibited than that of DRE.This study is useful for understanding the impact of Phe pollution on denitrification in estuary and marine sediments,with profound implications for the management of aquatic ecosystems regarding eutrophication(N-removal)and greenhouse effect.  相似文献   

Quality Assessment of Frozen Solenocera crassicornis Treated with Sodium Metabisulphite by Soaking or Spraying     

ZHU Jingping  CHEN Yu  JIN Lei  ZHU Junxiang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(1):199-208

The present work was carried out to evaluate the safety of shrimp(Solenocera crassicornis)treated with different concentrations of sodium metabisulfite(SMB)by soaking or spraying during frozen storage.Shrimps soaked in higher concentrations of SMB showed higher sensory scores,lower total color differences,and better anti-melanosis effects than shrimps in the control and other treatment groups throughout frozen storage(−18℃).Lower total volatile basic nitrogen and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and higher salt soluble protein contents were detected in shrimp soaked with high doses of SMB compared with other samples.In addition,lower counts of total aerobic plates and psychrotrophic bacteria were observed in shrimp treated by soaking with higher doses of SMB than those in control shrimp and shrimp treated with other methods during frozen storage(−18℃).However,the SO2 content of 5%SMB-soaked samples exceeded the maximum allowable limit of 100mgkg−1.Overall,the use of 1.5%SMB soaking to treat shrimp results in good antioxidant and antimicrobial effects and,thus,may be suggested to preserve S.crassicornis under frozen conditions.The results of this study present important guidance on the use of SMB to maintain the quality of marine-trawling shrimp from manufacturing to consumption.  相似文献   

沂南贺家沟地区化探异常特征及找矿方向研究          下载免费PDF全文

武斌  孙天柱  张海瑞  刘继勇  王秀芬 《山东国土资源》2020,36(10)

贺家沟地区位于沂南矽卡岩型金矿典型矿床的外围地区,在矿床成因和成矿模式等方面均具有高度相似性。在该地区开展化探扫面工作,根据化探异常结合该地区的成矿地质条件能快速有效的缩小找矿靶区。本文从化探样品分析数据入手,分别从化探异常下限的确定、化探异常特征、化探元素的组合分类以及主要成矿元素在该地区的分布特征等方面进行分析,从而对该地区的成矿条件有了初步认识。在此基础上圈定了以Au,Ag,Cu,Mo等为主要元素的HS1化探异常,该异常规模较大,浓集中心明显,其中主成矿元素Au具有三级浓度分带,Cu,Ag等其他元素异常亦套合较好。通过开展异常查证工作,在该异常区内发现铜金多金属矿(化)点共3处,矿(化)点与化探异常浓集中心的空间吻合程度较高。该地区化探扫面工作取得了较好的成效,具有较好的找矿前景。  相似文献